Chapter Ninety-Three: The Three Caballeros (1994)
(The Three Caballeros)
1994 was an up-and-down year for Disney in terms of releases, but as the Renaissance period continued, its animated release would help soothe the issues the live-action film had brought. The Three Caballeros had begun life back in the 1950s when it was simply known as Mickey’s Mexican Adventure. It was to be directed by Wolfgang Reitherman. Yet for unknown reasons, the film never came about and sat in Limbo for years with plans to bring back the film in the '60s, 70s and early 1980s. It wasn’t until the late 1980s that Don Bluth wanted to bring Disney’s biggest star to the silver screen. And to do that, Mickey’s Mexican adventure would be retooled into a Donald Duck Film. A project that would take the studio longer than expected. After all, this was to be the studio’s first entirely computer-animated feature film.
Now you may be wondering why the studio shifted the film from Mickey to Donald and why Mickey is not Disney’s biggest star. To understand this, you have to look back at the Second World War. At the time, the studio was about to start making propaganda shorts for the U.S. military, but the idea of sending the beloved Mickey Mouse to war was unfathomable to many. To others, the character just wouldn't work. So, the studio instead turned to Donald Duck, who would go on to star in over 65 shorts. For reasons unknown, the popularity of Donald Duck skyrocketed in Europe and in post-war Europe, Donald Duck comics flew off shelves. Well, Mickey Mouse will remain the face of Disney. Donald was more beloved by children.
It was for this reason that what was once Mickey’s Mexican Adventure became known as The Three Caballeros. Bonnie Arnold (A key feature figure in Disney history) was selected by Don Bluth to produce the film well Roger Allers and Rob Minkoff were selected to direct. Alan Menken and Howard Ashman passed on the project due to other commitments and instead, the studio turned to Randy Newman for the music. The studio had a very close call that could have caused great controversy. John Lasseter was nearly hired to direct the project. You may know John Lasseter from his famous court appearance in 2005 for sexual misconduct toward employees. Disney missed a bullet.
Now Disney will forever be known for its 2D Animation (something they still use to this day), but 1994 would herald the computer revolution in Hollywood. The reason production on the film took as long as it did was the decision to shift the film from 2D to CG. Bluth and others in the studio agreed that Disney had to be the first and so Donald Duck would become the first of the Sensational seven to be rendered in full CGI. Some feared the loss of 2D Animation (which did not happen) well others feared that the film would bomb because of it. Nevertheless, the studio pushed on, pushing the film back from its 1992 release till 1994.
The film follows Donald as he receives a magical birthday gift – an enchanted book. The pages come to life, whisking him away to the vibrant landscapes of Mexico. Joined by the suave Brazilian parrot Jose and the lively Mexican rooster Panchito, the three embark on a musical and visually stunning escapade that celebrates the spirit of friendship and the richness of Mexican culture. The film was released on June 24, 1994. Disney expected a mild hit, but many did not believe the run of successful films could last. The film managed to gross more than $357 million worldwide. It went on to become the highest-grossing domestic film of 1994 and one of Disney’s biggest films. It seemed animation could do no wrong as the Renaissance period continued to burn brightly. It could not last, the debate over CGI and 2D Animation was only just starting and as Disney basked in the success of its first fully CG film, debates over the future began. Cracks in the Renaissance period had begun and soon The Wilderness Period/Transition Period would emerge.